What does myelosuppression refer to?

Myelosuppression refers to a decrease in bone marrow activity, leading to a reduced production of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This condition can occur as a side effect of chemotherapy and certain immunotherapy treatments, which target rapidly dividing cells, including those in the bone marrow. A decrease in bone marrow function can result in anemia, increased risk of infection, and bleeding problems due to low blood cell counts. Understanding the implications of myelosuppression is crucial for managing the side effects of cancer treatments and ensuring patient safety.

In contrast to increased bone marrow activity or recovery, myelosuppression specifically indicates a reduction in functionality, which is a critical aspect of patient care in oncology. Complete bone marrow failure represents an even more severe condition than myelosuppression, while bone marrow recovery would denote a return to normal function, which is the opposite of what myelosuppression entails.